# UX Techniques Guide
What is Usability and User Experience Design? Design Thinking _An iterative methodology for producing practical and creative resolutions to problems or issues._ * [A Brief History of Design Thinking: How Design Thinking Came to 'Be' ](https://ithinkidesign.wordpress.com/2012/06/08/a-brief-history-of-design-thinking-how-design-thinking-came-to-be/) * [Design Thinking 101](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/design-thinking/) * [Demystifying Design Thinking: Interview with Tamara Christensen](http://thinkjarcollective.com/interviews/demystifying-design-thinking-interview-tamara-christensen/) * [Design Thinking... What is That?](http://www.fastcompany.com/919258/design-thinking-what) * [Design Thinking | Employing Design Principles | Defining Ease of Use](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2011/01/design-thinking-employing-design-principles-defining-ease-of-use.php) * [Design Thinking Comes of Age](https://hbr.org/2015/09/design-thinking-comes-of-age) * [How to apply a design thinking, HCD, UX or any creative process from scratch](https://medium.com/digital-experience-design/how-to-apply-a-design-thinking-hcd-ux-or-any-creative-process-from-scratch-b8786efbf812#.y2tfvlsq0) * [The Design of business: Why Design Thinking is the Next Competitive Advantage](http://net.tutsplus.com/articles/general/three-steps-to-fostering-a-user-centered-design-culture/) Problem Statement _A brief description of the issue that needs to be solved by a project or group._ * [Bridging User Research into Design](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2011/10/bridging-user-research-into-design.php) * [How to come up with great UX ideas](http://www.uxforthemasses.com/great-ux-ideas/) * [Lean Product Design: Write a problem statement](https://pages.18f.gov/lean-product-design/2-problem-statement/) * [What’s Your Problem? Putting Purpose Back into Your Projects](https://whitneyhess.com/blog/2012/10/18/whats-your-problem-putting-purpose-back-into-your-projects/) Usability _The ease of use and learnability of physical and digital objects._ * [A Business Case for Usability](http://www.userfocus.co.uk/articles/usabilitybenefits.html) * [Fact vs. Fiction: What Usability is Not](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/fact-vs-fiction-what-usability-is-not/) * [Usability 101: Introduction to Usability](http://www.nngroup.com/articles/usability-101-introduction-to-usability/) User Experience Design _The holistic experience of a digital or technological product or service._ * [CUBI: A User Experience Model for Project Success | UX Magazine](http://uxmag.com/articles/cubi-a-user-experience-model-for-project-success) * [Four Myths About UX and How to Bust Them](http://uxmag.com/articles/four-myths-about-ux-and-how-to-bust-them) * [Getting Started in User Experience](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2015/10/getting-started-in-user-experience.php) * [The Experience Makes the Product, Not the Features](http://uxmag.com/articles/the-experience-makes-the-product-not-the-features) * [User experience design is not what you think](https://boagworld.com/usability/user-experience-design-is-not-what-you-think/) * [What is UX Design? 15 User Experience Experts Weigh In](https://www.usertesting.com/blog/2015/09/16/what-is-ux-design-15-user-experience-experts-weigh-in/) User Interface Design _The design of the communication between the user and a system._ * [Universal Model of a User Interface (PDF)](http://www.openeye-training.com/downloads/UIModel.pdf) * [User Interface Design, Getting the Basics Right](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/user-interface-design-getting-the-basics-right/) * [What UI really is (and how UX confuses matters)](http://feltpresence.com/articles/19-what-ui-really-is-and-how-ux-confuses-matters)
What Does a Holistic User Experience Design Process Look Like? Agile UX _A variation of the Agile methodology, which supports a more collaborative approach to various user experience design methods._ * [Agile User Experience Design](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2012/04/agile-user-experience-design.php) * [Bringing User Centered Design to the Agile Environment](http://boxesandarrows.com/bringing-user-centered-design-to-the-agile-environment/) * [Fitting Big-Picture UX Into Agile Development](http://uxdesign.smashingmagazine.com/2012/11/06/design-spikes-fit-big-picture-ux-agile-development/) * [User Experience and Agile](https://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2017/08/user-experience-and-agile.php) * [UX and Agile: Tying the knot](http://uxmag.com/articles/ux-and-agile-tying-the-knot) Design Ethics _Design ethics are values or aspects considered by designers during the creation of a service or product._ * [A Guide to Everyday Design Ethics](https://www.invisionapp.com/blog/guide-everyday-design-ethics/) * [Conducting Ethical User Research](https://www.interaction-design.org//literature/article/conducting-ethical-user-research?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=sm) * [Designing ethically pt. 1](https://uxdesign.cc/designing-ethically-pt-1-9800bfbc86a3) * [Ethical Design: The Practical Getting-Started Guide](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2018/03/ethical-design-practical-getting-started-guide/) * [Findings from Ethics in Design](https://uxdesign.cc/findings-from-ethics-in-design-21ba274315d4) * [Start designing for transparency.](https://medium.com/artefact-stories/stop-designing-for-delight-start-designing-for-transparency-39113cf8014) Lean UX _Often associated with use in start-ups, this methodology is focused on the rapid evaluation of hypotheses (i.e. learning loops), while putting in the minimal amount of effort required to test these hypotheses._ * [ Andy Budd::Blogography - My thoughts on Lean UX](http://www.andybudd.com/archives/2011/10/my_thoughts_on_lean_ux/) * [Jeff Gothelf on Design as a Hypothesis | The Hipper Element](http://thehipperelement.com/post/60361702934/jeff-gothelf-on-design-as-a-hypothesis) * [Lean Design for Good User Experience](http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/computer-science/people/elaw/HCI-3T/P6Gasik.pdf) * [Lean UX: Rethink Development](http://www.drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/lean-ux-rethink-development/231902070) Scenario-based Design (also known as Task-Centered Design) _Another form of user-centered design that relies on stories of user interaction as the source of guidance for design requirements._ * [Five Reasons for Scenario-Based Design (PDF)](http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.106.5310&rep=rep1&type=pdf) * [Scenarios](http://uiaccess.com/accessucd/scenarios.html) * [Task-Centered User Interface Design - A Practical Introduction (incl. Amended Version)](http://web.cs.dal.ca/%7Ejamie/TCUID/readme.html) User-centered design (UCD) _A methodology and philosophy where users and their goals are the focal point._ * [Being User-Centered When Implementing a UCD Process](http://www.wqusability.com/articles/ucd-on-ucd.html) * [Three Steps to Fostering a User-Centered Design Culture](http://net.tutsplus.com/articles/general/three-steps-to-fostering-a-user-centered-design-culture/) * [User-Centered Design Basics](https://www.usability.gov/what-and-why/user-centered-design.html)
How to Make More Strategic Design Decisions? Content Strategy _Planning the creation, publication, and governance of useful, usable, and desirable content._ * [Content strategy 101, Part 1: giving context to your content](http://www.creativebloq.com/netmag/content-strategy-101-part-1-giving-context-your-content-3135760) * [How to Develop a User-Centered Content Strategy (PDF)](http://www.terpsys.com/docs/default-source/white-papers/how-to-develop-a-user-centered-content-strategy.pdf?sfvrsn=4) * [Practical Content Strategy in Action](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/practical-content-strategy-in-action/) * [UX Designers Should Be Content Strategists Too](https://blog.nerdery.com/2013/09/ux-designers-should-be-content-strategists-too/) Product Design Principles _A set of design principles specific to the creation on a particular product._ * [Creating Great Design Principles - 6 Counter-intuitive Tests](https://articles.uie.com/creating-design-principles/) * [Developing Design Principles](http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?854) * [Design Principles: a guide to less sh*tty feedback](https://medium.com/apegroup-texts/design-principles-a-guide-to-less-shitty-feedback-64e9541816c1) * [Experience / Design Principles](https://uxthink.wordpress.com/2011/02/01/expereince-design-principles/) * [MapBox Design Principles](https://www.designprinciplesftw.com/collections/mapbox-design-principles) Journey Mapping _A map of a person's experience throughout an existing service._ * [Journey Mapping in Real Life: A Survey of UX Practitioners](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/journey-mapping-ux-practitioners/) * [Nine sample customer journey maps – and what we can learn from them](https://www.mycustomer.com/experience/engagement/nine-sample-customer-journey-maps-and-what-we-can-learn-from-them) * [The Anatomy of an Experience Map](http://adaptivepath.org/ideas/the-anatomy-of-an-experience-map/) * [The Value of Customer Journey Maps: A UX Designer’s Personal Journey](https://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2011/09/the-value-of-customer-journey-maps-a-ux-designers-personal-journey.php) * [Using Customer Journey Maps to Improve Customer Experience](https://hbr.org/2010/11/using-customer-journey-maps-to) * [When and How to Create Customer Journey Maps](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/customer-journey-mapping/) * [Why All UX Designers Should Be Creating User Journeys, And Here’s How To Make One](https://theblog.adobe.com/why-all-ux-designers-should-be-creating-user-journeys-and-heres-how-to-make-one/) Kano Model _A model representing 5 types of customer requirements (or potential features)._ * [Feature Grading: An Introduction to the Kano Model](http://www.userfocus.co.uk/articles/kano-model.html) * [Leveraging the Kano Model for Optimal Results](http://uxmag.com/articles/leveraging-the-kano-model-for-optimal-results) * [The Kano Model – A tool to prioritize the users’ wants and desires](https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/the-kano-model-a-tool-to-prioritize-the-users-wants-and-desires) * [Using The Kano Model To Prioritize Product Development](http://www.mindtheproduct.com/2013/07/using-the-kano-model-to-prioritize-product-development/) Open Source Business Strategies _Business strategies related to open source software products._ * [Creative Commons Toolkit for Business](https://creativecommons.org/2015/11/13/creative-commons-toolkit-for-business/) * [Making Money With Software, or Because of It?](http://redmonk.com/sogrady/2007/12/14/making-money-with-software-or-because-of-it/) * [Open issues: lessons learned building an open source business ](http://werd.io/2015/open-issues-lessons-learned-building-an-open-source-business) * [Open source software has to sell user experience](https://opensource.com/community/16/6/mattermost-shows-oss-has-be-better) User Experience Strategy _Defining a set of end-user goals in relation to design and development work._ * [3 Keys to Aligning UX with Business Strategy](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2012/09/3-keys-to-aligning-ux-with-business-strategy.php) * [How Design And User Experience Translates To The Bottom Line](http://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonykosner/2013/11/23/how-design-and-user-experience-translates-to-the-bottom-line/#11bd56fe7049) * [Making Research Actionable: An Introduction to Design Criteria](http://adaptivepath.org/ideas/making-research-actionable-an-introduction-to-design-criteria/) * [Planning Your UX Strategy](http://johnnyholland.org/2010/04/16/planning-your-ux-strategy/) * [There is no such thing as UX strategy](http://www.jeffgothelf.com/blog/there-is-no-such-thing-as-ux-strategy/#sthash.qlyTZv6A.dpbs) Value of UX _Associating a value to the practice of user experience design._ * [Making a Strong Business case for the ROI of UX](https://www.experiencedynamics.com/blog/2014/07/making-strong-business-case-roi-ux-infographic) * [Mapping Business Value to UX: An Idea’s Inception](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2013/10/mapping-business-value-to-ux-an-ideas-inception.php) * [“Sell me this pen”: Explaining the value of #UX](http://www.josephdickerson.com/blog/2016/06/25/57739/?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter) Value Proposition _A clear statement which communicates the benefits of a product or service._ * [7 of the Best Value Proposition Examples We’ve Ever Seen](http://www.wordstream.com/blog/ws/2016/04/27/value-proposition-examples) * [Creating a value proposition](https://welovelean.wordpress.com/2012/08/18/creating-a-value-proposition/) * [Don’t ever forget about Value Proposition](http://www.ux-lady.com/dont-ever-ever-forget-about-value-proposition/)
How to Understand and Communicate People's Needs and Behaviors? Affinity Diagrams _A tool to visually organize ideas and information_ * [Affinity Diagrams – Learn How to Cluster and Bundle Ideas and Facts](https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/affinity-diagrams-learn-how-to-cluster-and-bundle-ideas-and-facts) * [How to Prepare and Use an Affinity Diagram](https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-prepare-and-use-an-affinity-diagram--cms-28388) * [Using Affinity Diagrams to make sense from Brainstorming](http://www.leanyourcompany.com/methods/Using-Affinity-Diagrams.asp) Card Sorts _Having participants sort various items into groups of their own choosing._ * [Card-Based Classification Evaluation](http://boxesandarrows.com/card-based-classification-evaluation/) * [Card sorting: a definitive guide](http://boxesandarrows.com/card-sorting-a-definitive-guide/) * [Information Design Using Card Sorting](http://www.steptwo.com.au/papers/cardsorting/) Contextual Inquiry _Observing participants in their own environment performing their actual work._ * [Conducting Contextual Enquiry (or Site Visits)](http://uxmastery.com/conducting-contextual-enquiry-or-site-visits/) * [Contextual Inquiry - A Primer](http://www.sitepoint.com/contextual-enquiry-primer/) * [Field Research in Commercial Product Development (PDF)](http://teced.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/upa2003_lk_tk_ovhs-commercial-product-development1.pdf) * [Focus Questions for Site Visits](http://www.uie.com/brainsparks/2007/02/22/focus-questions-for-site-visits/) Diary Studies _A qualitative technique for collecting information about user behaviors, activities, and experiences over an extended period of time._ * [Dear Diary: Using Diaries to Study User Experience](http://uxpamagazine.org/dear-diary-using-diaries-to-study-user-experience/) * [Diary Studies: Understanding Long-Term User Behavior and Experiences](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/diary-studies/) * [Jumpstart Design Research with a Diary Study](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/jumpstart-design-research-with-a-diary-study/) Empathy Maps _A simple tool to better understand people using a product or service._ * [Agile Coaching Tip: What Is an Empathy Map?](http://www.solutionsiq.com/what-is-an-empathy-map/) * [Empathy Maps for UX](http://www.tadpull.com/tools/how-to-use-empathy-map-for-user-experience-mapping.php) * [How To Use Empathy Maps To Make Better Services](http://www.innovationlabs.org.uk/2014/04/25/empathy-maps/) * [Updated Empathy Map Canvas](https://medium.com/the-xplane-collection/updated-empathy-map-canvas-46df22df3c8a) Five Whys _A technique that utilizes a question-asking method to explore the causes/effects underlying a particular issue._ * [Determine The Root Cause: 5 Whys](http://www.isixsigma.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1308:determine-the-root-cause-5-whys&Itemid=200) * [One simple question to get to the root of any design problem](http://blog.usabilla.com/to-the-users-core-question-in-5-whys/) Interviews _A conversation where an interviewer asks a series of questions to one or more interviewees._ * [Asking the right questions during user research, interviews and testing](https://uxdesign.cc/asking-the-right-questions-on-user-research-interviews-and-testing-427261742a67) * [How to Make User Research a Conversation](https://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2018/05/how-to-make-user-research-a-conversation.php) * [Interviewing Humans](http://alistapart.com/article/interviewing-humans) * [Never Ask What They Want — 3 Better Questions to Ask in User Interviews](https://medium.com/user-research/never-ask-what-they-want-3-better-questions-to-ask-in-user-interviews-aeddd2a2101e#.21nbp2ly8) * [When Interviews Go Wrong](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2011/04/when-interviews-go-wrong.php) Job Stories _An approach to task analysis that is inspired by Jobs To Be Done._ * [5 Tips For Writing A Job Story](https://jtbd.info/5-tips-for-writing-a-job-story-7c9092911fc9) * [Designing Features Using Job Stories](http://insideintercom.io/using-job-stories-design-features-ui-ux/) * [Job stories are great, but personas aren't dead](http://www.elezea.com/2013/12/job-stories-and-personas-sitting-in-a-tree/) Personas _Fictional persons, based on research, where each one represents a specific type of user._ * [An introduction to personas and how to create them](http://www.steptwo.com.au/papers/kmc_personas/index.html) * [Describing Personas](https://medium.com/@indiyoung/describing-personas-af992e3fc527#.uqj6h6mb2) * [Five Factors for Successful Persona Projects](http://www.uie.com/articles/successful_persona_projects) * [Persona Grata - Welcoming users into the interaction design process](http://uxmag.com/articles/persona-grata) * [A Closer Look At Personas: What They Are And How They Work (Part 1)](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/08/06/a-closer-look-at-personas-part-1/) * [Personas: Setting the Stage for Building Usable Information Sites](http://www.infotoday.com/online/jul03/head.shtml) * [Three Important Benefits of Personas](http://www.uie.com/articles/benefits_of_personas/) Proto-Personas _Hypothetical persons, where each one represents a specific type of user._ * [Assumptive Personas](http://www.90percentofeverything.com/2013/04/28/assumptive-personas/) * [Boost Empathy Quickly With Proto-Personas](http://blog.mural.co/2016/05/06/boost-empathy-quickly-with-proto-personas) * [The UX Designer’s 5-Minute Guide to Lean Personas](https://www.uxpin.com/studio/blog/ux-designers-5-minute-guide-lean-personas/) * [Using Proto-Personas for Executive Alignment](http://uxmag.com/articles/using-proto-personas-for-executive-alignment) Story Maps _A visual representation of a user journey to help prioritize a product backlog._ * [Buying better digital products part 3: Mapping user stories](https://18f.gsa.gov/2016/08/04/buying-better-digital-products-part-3-mapping-user-stories/) * [Story Map Concepts (PDF)](http://jpattonassociates.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/story_mapping.pdf) * [The new user story backlog is a map](http://jpattonassociates.com/the-new-backlog/) Surveys _A data collection tool to gather responses to a series of questions._ * [8 Research Based Insights for User Experience Surveys](http://www.measuringusability.com/blog/ux-surveys.php) * [Preparing an Online Questionnaire - How to Conduct an Online Survey ](http://www.questionpro.com/akira/showArticle.do?articleID=build01) * [What Is a Survey - Booklet](http://www.whatisasurvey.info/) Task Analysis _Task analysis is the decomposition of how tasks are currently performed._ * [Hierarchical Task Analysis](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2010/02/hierarchical-task-analysis.php) * [Task Analysis: The Key UX Design Step Everyone Skips](https://searchenginewatch.com/sew/how-to/2336547/task-analysis-the-key-ux-design-step-everyone-skips) * [Task Analysis - Hierarchical, If/Then, and Model-Based](http://siteresources.worldbank.org/WBI/Resources/213798-1194538727144/4Final-Task_Analysis.pdf) * [Uncovering True Motivation: The Whys and Wherefore](http://www.stcsig.org/usability/newsletter/0310-motivation.html) User Profiles _A summary of relevant user characteristics, which can include both demographic and behavioral information._ * [Task-Based Audience Segmentation](http://adaptivepath.org/ideas/task-based-audience-segmentation/) * [User Group Profiles](http://www.uiaccess.com/accessucd/users.html) * [What Kind of Users Use Your GUI?](http://classicsys.com/free-stuff-2/articles/usability-research-and-testing/what-kind-of-users-use-your-gui/) User Research _The process of learning about the audience for your system or product._ * [Communicating User Research Findings](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2012/02/communicating-user-research-findings.php) * [Doing Research with People Who Are Not Users: Consultation](https://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2017/08/doing-research-with-people-who-are-not-users-consultation.php) * [From Research Goals to Usability-Testing Scenarios: A 7-Step Method](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ux-research-goals-to-scenarios/) * [How to get participants for your user research](http://blog.fluidui.com/how-to-get-participants-for-your-user-research/) * [One page user research plan](http://uxdesign.smashingmagazine.com/2012/01/26/ux-research-plan-stakeholders-love/) * [Step By Step Guide To More Structured User Research](http://blog.usabilla.com/step-by-step-guide-to-more-structured-user-research/) * [The two questions we answer with user research](http://www.userfocus.co.uk/articles/the_two_questions_we_answer_with_user_research.html) * [Quantitative User-Research Methodologies: An Overview](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/quantitative-user-research-methods/) * [UIETips: Three Questions You Shouldn't Ask During User Research](http://www.uie.com/brainsparks/2013/07/24/uietips-3-questions-not-to-ask-during-user-research/) * [When to Use Which User-Experience Research Methods](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/which-ux-research-methods/) Informal (Guerilla) User Research _A rapid and less rigorous approach to conducting user research._ * [Are you doing your user research on the right people?](http://www.90percentofeverything.com/2008/08/25/are-you-doing-your-user-research-on-the-right-people/) * [Discovery on a Budget: Part I](http://alistapart.com/article/discovery-on-a-budget-part-i) * [Getting Guerrilla With It](http://uxmag.com/articles/getting-guerrilla-with-it) User Stories _Brief narratives that describe on user interactions with a system, with a focus on the value gained from such interactions._ * [Advantages of User Stories for Requirements](http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/articles/advantages-of-user-stories-for-requirements) * [How Expanded User Stories Help Us Fix Existing Interfaces](http://www.erinlynnyoung.com/post/47756875821/expanded-user-stories) * [Writing user stories](https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/agile/writing-user-stories.html)
How to Explore and Describe Possible Design Solutions? Brainstorming _Brainstorming is a common group ideation technique._ * [7 Tips on Better Brainstorming](https://challenges.openideo.com/blog/seven-tips-on-better-brainstorming) * [How to run a brainstorming meeting](http://scottberkun.com/essays/34-how-to-run-a-brainstorming-meeting/) * [Ideation in Practice: How Effective UX Teams Generate Ideas](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ideation-in-practice/) * [Tips for Structuring Better Brainstorming Sessions](http://www.inspireux.com/2013/07/18/tips-for-structuring-better-brainstorming-sessions/) * [Troubleshooting Group Ideation: 10 Fixes for More and Better UX Ideas](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/group-ideation/?utm_content=buffer38903&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer) Concept Maps _A diagram showing how various concepts are related._ * [Concept map](http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Concept_map) * [Concept maps vs. mind maps](http://mindmappingsoftwareblog.com/concept-maps-vs-mind-maps/) Conceptualizing Interaction _Exploring what interaction model will be presented to the user through the use of structure, behavior, and visuals._ * [Book Review: The Design of Everyday Things](http://jonathannicol.com/blog/2011/05/14/book-review-the-design-of-everyday-things/) * [Conceptual models: begin by designing what to design (PDF)](http://davidlamas.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/jeff-johnson.pdf) * [Conceptual Design for Interactive Systems: Designing for Performance and User Experience](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2015/12/conceptual-design-for-interactive-systems-designing-for-performance-and-user-experience.php) * [Specifying what we want the user experience to be - the designer's model](https://www-01.ibm.com/software/ucd/designconcepts/threemodels/designer.html) Design Patterns _General solutions for commonly occurring system design problems._ * [Patternry](http://www.patternry.com/) * [UI Patterns](http://ui-patterns.com/) * [Who Benefits From the Use of Design Patterns?](https://dzone.com/articles/who-benefits-use-design) Design Systems _A design system is a collection of reusable components, which can be used to build any number of applications._ * [Design Systems Handbook](https://www.designbetter.co/design-systems-handbook) * [On the Current State of Design Systems in UX](https://medium.com/innovatemap-current/on-the-current-state-of-design-systems-in-ux-4cd0aa1fad71) * [The User Experience of Design Systems](https://runemadsen.com/talks/uxcampcph/) Problem Reframing _Re-examining the underlying goals, assumptions and perspectives that are assumed to be part of the problem._ * [Abductive Thinking and Sensemaking: The Drivers of Design Synthesis](http://www.jonkolko.com/writingAbductiveThinking.php) * [Reframe: Shift the Way You Work, Innovate, and Think](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2015/09/reframe-shift-the-way-you-work-innovate-and-think.php) * [Reframing is a Strategic Skill and a Design Thinking Skill](http://www.innovationexcellence.com/blog/2010/06/16/reframing-is-a-strategic-skill-and-a-design-thinking-skill/) Process Flows _An illustration of specific processes a user may undertake within a system._ * [Process Flow Definition](http://www.ehow.com/about_5040255_process-flow-definition.html) * [Task Flows](http://pathfindersoftware.com/tag/task-flows/) * [User Task Flows (PDF)](http://www.stickyminds.com/getfile.asp?ot=XML&id=12987&fn=XUS29543666file1%2Epdf) Prototyping _The creation of a working model of a system or interface._ * [Design Better And Faster With Rapid Prototyping](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2010/06/design-better-faster-with-rapid-prototyping/) * [Designer’s Toolkit: Prototyping Tools](http://www.cooper.com/prototyping-tools) * [Designing with Code](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/designing-with-code/) * [Five Prevalent Pitfalls when Prototyping](http://www.uie.com/articles/pitfalls_prototyping/) * [Flavors of Prototypes](http://www.svpg.com/flavors-of-prototypes) * [The Right Tool For The Job: Picking The Best Prototyping Software For Your Project](https://uxdesign.cc/the-right-tool-for-the-job-picking-the-best-prototyping-software-for-your-project-6ddd5145d860#.jycn9ioad) * [The Skeptic’s Guide To Low-Fidelity Prototyping](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/10/the-skeptics-guide-to-low-fidelity-prototyping/) * [Using prototypes in user research](https://userresearch.blog.gov.uk/2014/08/27/using-prototypes-in-user-research/) Scenarios _Descriptions of how a specific user accomplishes their goal, with regards to an existing or yet-to-be system._ * [Create Scenarios](http://www.usability.gov/how-to-and-tools/methods/scenarios.html) * [Context-Rich Scenarios Make UX Projects Manageable](http://www.uie.com/articles/ux_projects_scenarios/) * [Tell me the story: the unifying role of scenarios in conceptual design](http://www.humanfactors.com/downloads/apr04.asp) Site Maps _Graphical or textual representation of the structure of a website._ * [Is the Sitemap Losing Its Client-Facing Steam?](http://uxmag.com/articles/is-the-sitemap-losing-its-client-facing-steam) * [UX 101: The Site Map](http://viget.com/inspire/ux-101-the-site-map) Sketching _A means to explore ideas and iterate on concepts quickly and easily._ * [User interface sketching tips part 1](http://ui-patterns.com/blog/User-interface-sketching-tips-part-1) * [Wireframe 101: Sketch First, Wireframe Later](http://maryshaw.net/wireframe-101-sketch-first-wireframe-later/) Storyboards _A sequence of images or drawings representing a specific period of time._ * [Storyboarding a user experience](http://www.visualbloke.com/NUIVIGPage.html) * [Storyboards and Startups](http://www.akersarchitecturalrendering.com/blog/2010/3/14/storyboards-and-startups-how-sketching-can-help-entrepreneur.html) * [Telling Your Website's Story with Sketchboarding](http://www.uxbooth.com/blog/telling-your-websites-story-with-sketchboarding/) * [The 8 Steps To Creating A Great Storyboard](http://www.fastcodesign.com/1672917/the-8-steps-to-creating-a-great-storyboard/) Wireflows _A combination of process flows and wireframes._ * [Page Level Wireflows](http://wireframes.linowski.ca/2009/02/page-level-wireflows/) * [State Level Wireflows and Transitions](http://wireframes.linowski.ca/2009/02/state-level-wireflows-and-transitions/) Wireframes _Drawings of individual screens that represent major content and navigation elements._ * [Priority Guides: A Content-First Alternative to Wireframes](http://alistapart.com/article/priority-guides-a-content-first-alternative-to-wireframes) * [Storyboarding a user experience](http://www.visualbloke.com/NUIVIGPage.html) * [Real Wireframes Get Real Results](http://boxesandarrows.com/real-wireframes-get-real-results/) * [Ultimate Guide to Website Wireframing](http://sixrevisions.com/user-interface/website-wireframing/)
How to Design Products for How People Think, Learn and Feel? Accessibility _Accessibility is the practice of removing barriers that prevent interaction or access to websites by people with disabilities._ * [4 Ways to Make Online Content More Accessible](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/4-ways-to-make-online-content-more-accessible/) * [7 Things Every Designer Needs to Know about Accessibility](https://medium.com/salesforce-ux/7-things-every-designer-needs-to-know-about-accessibility-64f105f0881b#.tvhahmv5g) * [Accessibility according to actual people with disabilities - Axess Lab](https://axesslab.com/accessibility-according-to-pwd/) * [Accessibility for Visual Design](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/accessibility-visual-design/) * [Accessibility Guidelines](http://accessibility.voxmedia.com/) * [Accessibility resources for designers](http://www.iamnotmypixels.com/accessibility-resources-for-designers/) * [Baby Boomers Are Aging–And Designers Need To Adapt](https://www.fastcodesign.com/90131258/baby-boomers-are-aging-heres-how-design-will-have-to-adapt) * [Design Accessibly, See Differently: Color Contrast Tips And Tools](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/10/color-contrast-tips-and-tools-for-accessibility/) * [Font Awesome & Accessibility](http://fontawesome.io/accessibility/) Chatbots _A chatbot is a service, powered by simple rules and sometimes artificial intelligence, provided in a conversational style._ * [Best practices for designing a chatbot conversational experience](https://medium.com/darvin-ai/best-practices-for-designing-an-intelligent-chatbot-conversational-experience-de8142c0b4dc) * [Chatbots Deliver the Worst Customer Service](https://latenightcoding.co/chatbots-customer-service/) * [Chatbot UX – Does Conversation Hurt Or Help?](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2016/11/does-conversation-hurt-or-help-the-chatbot-ux/#comments) * [Conversational UI Principles — Complete Process of Designing a Website Chatbot](https://medium.com/swlh/conversational-ui-principles-complete-process-of-designing-a-website-chatbot-d0c2a5fee376) Cognitive Psychology _The branch of psychology that studies mental processes including how people think, perceive, remember and learn._ * [Cognitive Styles: Get inside the user's head](http://uxmag.com/articles/cognitive-styles) * [Designing for Human Memory](https://uxplanet.org/designing-for-human-memory-a2cdc0b6a75a) * [Improving Usability with Fitts' Law](http://sixrevisions.com/usabilityaccessibility/improving-usability-with-fitts-law/) * [Reducing Cognitive Overload For A Better User Experience](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2016/09/reducing-cognitive-overload-for-a-better-user-experience/) * [Reducing Reliance on Superstition](http://www.humanfactors.com/downloads/sep00.asp) * [The Psychologist's View of UX Design](http://uxmag.com/articles/the-psychologists-view-of-ux-design) Conceptual Model _Conceptual models involve three views of a system; the user's mental model, the designer's model, and the system image._ * [Affordances Design](http://www.jnd.org/dn.mss/affordances_and.html) * [Human Centered Design & The 6 Fundamental Principles of Interaction Between Products and Users](https://uxdesign.cc/human-centered-design-the-6-fundamental-principles-of-interaction-between-products-and-users-7343734b38a1#.bplbprmd5) * [IBM Design: The three models - User](http://www-01.ibm.com/software/ucd/designconcepts/threemodels/user.html) * [The Secret to Designing an Intuitive UX: Match the Mental Model to the Conceptual Model](http://www.inspireux.com/2010/04/16/secret-designing-intuitive-user-experience/) Platform Design Principles _A high-level of advice for general platform design decisions._ * [First Principles of Interaction Design](http://www.asktog.com/basics/firstPrinciples.html) * [Windows User Experience Design Principles](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd834141.aspx) Emotional Design _Creating experiences that are emotional appealing to people._ * [Design for Emotion: Expert Tips by Aarron Walter](https://uxplanet.org/design-for-emotion-expert-tips-by-aarron-walter-2f847e75a962) * [Design for Emotion and Flow](http://www.boxesandarrows.com/view/design-for-emotion) * [Designing Fun](http://www.alistapart.com/articles/designing-fun/) * [In Defense of Eye Candy](http://alistapart.com/article/indefenseofeyecandy) * [Not Just Pretty: Building Emotion Into Your Websites](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2012/04/building-emotion-into-your-websites/) * [The dangers of delightful design](https://uxdesign.cc/the-dangers-of-delightful-design-bb5834a1b684#.r1duzvdo6) Empty States _An empty state is the initial appearance of an application when there is no user generated information yet._ * [UX Best Practices: Designing the Overlooked Empty States](https://www.uxpin.com/studio/blog/ux-best-practices-designing-the-overlooked-empty-states/) * [Why Empty States Deserve More Design Time](https://www.invisionapp.com/blog/why-empty-states-deserve-more-design-time/) * [Writing empty states](https://uxdesign.cc/writing-empty-states-3e0279f39066) Form Design _The display and input of information within online forms._ * [An Extensive Guide To Web Form Usability](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2011/11/extensive-guide-web-form-usability/) * [Design Better Forms](https://uxdesign.cc/design-better-forms-96fadca0f49c#.tauhj5ayi) * [Inline validation in forms — designing the experience](https://medium.com/wdstack/inline-validation-in-forms-designing-the-experience-123fb34088ce#.2m2d9gurz) * [The New Rules of Form Design](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/the-new-rules-of-form-design/) Handling Errors _How a system prevents, or handles, users making mistakes._ * [4 rules for displaying error messages from a user experience perspective](http://www.nomensa.com/blog/2010/4-rules-displaying-error-messages-user-experience-perspective) * [Avoid Being Embarrassed by Your Error Messages](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2010/08/avoid-being-embarrassed-by-your-error-messages.php) * [Non-Fatal Errors: Creating Usable, Effective Error Messages](http://www.writersua.com/articles/message/index.html) Inclusive Design _The design of products and services that consider the full range of peoples ability, age, culture and language._ * [Designing for Inclusion](https://www.w3.org/WAI/users/) * [Inclusive - Microsoft Design](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/design/inclusive/) * [Making the Web Accessible for Everyone With Inclusive Design and Diverse Personas](https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/articles/making-the-web-accessible-for-everyone-with-inclusive-design-and-diverse-personas--cms-27505) * [What the Heck Is Inclusive Design?](https://24ways.org/2016/what-the-heck-is-inclusive-design/) Information Architecture _Information architecture primarily involves the organization of a system and how navigation is supported within that system._ * [Complete Beginner’s Guide to Information Architecture](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/complete-beginners-guide-to-information-architecture/) * [IA Heuristics: A Journey](http://abbytheia.com/2012/04/12/ia-heuristics-journey/) * [Information Architecture: The Scaffold of Good UX](http://blogs.adobe.com/dreamweaver/2016/01/information-architecture-the-scaffold-of-good-ux.html#.V5P7luLH384.twitter) * [The Difference Between Information Architecture (IA) and Navigation](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/ia-vs-navigation/) Interaction Design _The structure and behaviors of interactive products, services, and systems._ * [Dan Saffer - Designing Microinteractions](http://www.uie.com/brainsparks/2013/06/14/dan-saffer-designing-microinteractions/#transcript) * [Defining an Interaction Model: The Cornerstone of Application Design](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2012/01/defining-an-interaction-model-the-cornerstone-of-application-design.php) * [Interaction Design Tactics For Visual Designers](http://uxdesign.smashingmagazine.com/2011/09/09/interaction-design-tactics-for-visual-designers/) * [Users Don’t Hate Change. They Hate Our Design Choices.](https://medium.com/@jmspool/users-dont-hate-change-they-hate-our-design-choices-86151866eff4) Machine Learning _Machine Learning is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows software to learn without being explicitly programmed._ * [Applications Of Machine Learning For Designers](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2017/04/applications-machine-learning-designers/) * [Getting to Know Machine Learning](http://uxmag.com/articles/getting-to-know-machine-learning) * [Human-Centered Machine Learning](https://medium.com/google-design/human-centered-machine-learning-a770d10562cd) * [Machine learning and what UX designers need to know!](http://www.bentley.edu/centers/user-experience-center/machine-learning-what-ux-designers-need-know) Natural User Interfaces _A natural user interface, or NUI, is an effectively invisible interface that is used via natural and human movements._ * [Designing UX for Natural User Interfaces](https://www.usertesting.com/blog/2015/08/24/designing-ux-for-natural-user-interfaces/) * [Eight Principles of Natural User Interfaces](http://www.designprinciplesftw.com/collections/eight-principles-of-natural-user-interfaces) * [Natural User Interfaces Are Not Natural](http://www.jnd.org/dn.mss/natural_user_interfa.html) Task-flows _A visual representation that shows a key sequence of a task._ * [Tools for Mobile UX Design: Task Flows](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2015/03/tools-for-mobile-ux-design-task-flows.php) * [Stop Designing Pages And Start Designing Flows](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2012/01/stop-designing-pages-start-designing-flows/) * [UX Glossary: Task Flows, User Flows, Flowcharts and some new-ish stuff](https://uxplanet.org/ux-glossary-task-flows-user-flows-flowcharts-and-some-new-ish-stuff-2321044d837d) * [What are Task Flows?](http://pathfindersoftware.com/2007/03/what_are_task_f/)
What are the Essentials of Effective Visual Communication? Color _Aspects of an object described in terms of hue, lightness, and saturation._ * [Color - Usability Matters](http://colormatters.com/color-and-design/color-and-usability-matters) * [Color Basics: Dos and Dont's](http://www.colourlovers.com/blog/2009/06/02/color-basics-dos-and-donts) * [Color Theory for Designers, Part 1: The Meaning of Color](http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2010/01/28/color-theory-for-designers-part-1-the-meaning-of-color/) * [Colorblindness - A Usability Guide for Commercial Applications, Part 1](http://www.technewsworld.com/story/56106.html) * [Designing for Colour Blindness](https://blog.prototypr.io/designing-for-colour-blindness-b74a9d012ef2#.8rb3iitkn) Grids _A visible or invisible structure of intersecting lines._ * [Create a grid that adapts to all screens](http://www.creativebloq.com/web-design/create-grid-adapts-all-screens-71621286) * [The Grid System: Building a Solid Design Layout](https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/the-grid-system-building-a-solid-design-layout) * [Using Layout Grids Effectively](https://www.designersinsights.com/designer-resources/using-layout-grids-effectively/) Hierarchy _Differences between items shown visually._ * [A Closer Look at Hierarchy in Web Design](http://www.onextrapixel.com/2010/06/24/a-closer-look-at-hierarchy-in-web-design/) * [Creating Better Typographic Hierarchy](https://medium.com/designed-thought/creating-better-typographic-hierarchy-1148a46b2fc) * [Visual Design and Usability Yellow Brick Road](http://uxmag.com/articles/visual-design-and-usability-yellow-brick-road) Icons _Visual symbols representing concepts or commands._ * [Designing For User Interfaces: Icons As Visual Elements For Screen Design](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2018/02/user-interfaces-icons-visual-elements-screen-design/) * [Icons As Part Of A Great User Experience](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2016/10/icons-as-part-of-a-great-user-experience/) * [Small Elements, Big Impact: Types and Functions of UI Icons.](https://uxplanet.org/small-elements-big-impact-types-and-functions-of-ui-icons-87c6a74d366e) Interface Animation _The use of animation to enhance the feedback and overall experience of a user interface._ * [A beginner's guide to designing interface animations](http://www.creativebloq.com/web-design/beginners-guide-designing-interface-animations-61617793) * [Animated Interactions. Motion on Purpose](https://medium.com/@tubikstudio/animated-interactions-motion-on-purpose-943bebcaf438#.rnzievjfw) * [Communicating Animation](http://alistapart.com/article/communicating-animation) Layout _The arrangement of individual visual objects within a composition._ * [Designing With Grid-Based Approach](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2007/04/designing-with-grid-based-approach/) * [Getting Started with Page Layout: Principles of Graphic Design](http://www.emcp.com/intro_pc/reading6.htm) * [The Four Basic Principles of Design](http://intranet.micds.org/upper/ArtDept/DigStudio/PrincipleLecture.html) * [The Grid System: Building a Solid Design Layout](https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/the-grid-system-building-a-solid-design-layout) * [Unbox the Web!](https://uxdesign.cc/unbox-the-web-f00bc8e0d0e3#.zfy2s4g9o) * [UX & Psychology go hand in hand— How Gestalt theory appears in UX design?](https://uxdesign.cc/ux-psychology-go-hand-in-hand-how-gestalt-theory-appears-in-ux-design-18b727343da8) Terminology _The terms used to describe various concepts and objects._ * [Plain Language and Usable Accessibility: Whitney Quesenbery](http://simplyaccessible.com/article/whitney-quesenbery/) * [Tell It To Me Straight: Plain Language in UX](https://blogs.adobe.com/creativecloud/tell-it-to-me-straight-plain-language-in-ux/) Typography _The design of typefaces, and the way type is selected and arranged._ * [A Quick and Comprehensive Guide to Type (Infographic)](http://designify.me/wp-content/uploads/infographic-typography-guide.png) * [HTML & CSS - Working with Typography](http://learn.shayhowe.com/html-css/working-with-typography/) * [How to Speak Typography: Terms You Should Know](https://creativemarket.com/blog/2015/12/28/how-to-speak-typography-terms-you-should-know) * [Reading Online Text: A Comparison of Four White Space Layouts](http://psychology.wichita.edu/surl/usabilitynews/62/whitespace.htm) * [Web Typography: Designing Tables to be Read, Not Looked At](https://alistapart.com/article/web-typography-tables)
How to Design for Mobile and Multi-device Usage? Content Inventories _Identifying and classifying the content in an existing product or system._ * [How to Conduct A Content Audit](http://uxmastery.com/how-to-conduct-a-content-audit/) * [Tips for laying out a responsive site](http://jamie-plouff.tumblr.com/post/103060444705/tips-for-laying-out-a-responsive-site) * [Tools for the UX Architect: Content Inventory](http://blogs.captechconsulting.com/blog/brendon-cornwell/tools-the-ux-architect-content-inventory) Content Prioritization _Determining the relative value of content in relation to its audience._ * [Devising a Strategy for Responsive Design](https://www.uie.com/articles/strategy_for_responsive_design/) * [Responsive-Ready Content](http://sarawb.com/2012/03/07/content-strategy-responsive-design/) * [The case for responsive web content: it's all about the users](http://www.creativebloq.com/mobile/case-responsive-web-content-its-all-about-users-7126217) Designing for Touch _How to make applications and website touch optimized._ * [Design for Fingers, Touch, and People, Part 3.](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2017/07/design-for-fingers-touch-and-people-part-3.php) * [Hover is dead. Long live hover.](https://medium.com/instacart-design/hover-is-dead-long-live-hover-37a89d3795df#.26ua6m3ux) * [Responsive Navigation: Optimizing for Touch Across Devices](http://www.lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1649) * [The Pursuit of Tappiness](http://uxmag.com/articles/the-pursuit-of-tappiness) * [The Cost of a Touch](http://uxmag.com/articles/the-cost-of-a-touch) * [The Thumb Zone: Designing For Mobile Users](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2016/09/the-thumb-zone-designing-for-mobile-users/) * [Touch interaction design (Windows Store apps)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-ca/library/windows/apps/hh465415.aspx) Mobile and Multi-device Web Design _How to more effectively design and build for mobile and multi-device usage._ * [Design for Every Screen](http://shoobe01.blogspot.ca/2011/11/design-for-every-screen.html) * [Designing Exceptional Mobile Experiences](http://uxmag.com/articles/designing-exceptional-mobile-experiences) * [Eight Tips to Make Your First Mobile Design a Success](http://www.peachpit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1846581) * [Mobile first: Insights from going mobile only ](http://blog.invisionapp.com/mobile-first-mobile-only/) * [Framework for Designing for Multiple Devices](http://uxmag.com/articles/framework-for-designing-for-multiple-devices) * [The Hamburger Menu Doesn’t Work](http://jamesarcher.me/hamburger-menu) * [Think Again: Assumptions About Mobile To Reconsider](http://mobile.smashingmagazine.com/2013/01/18/assumptions-about-mobile-to-reconsider/) * [Tools for Mobile UX Design](http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2013/06/tools-for-mobile-ux-design.php) Responsive HTML Frameworks _HTML frameworks that support responsive web design._ * [Kube CSS Framework](http://imperavi.com/kube/) * [(Twitter) Bootstrap](http://getbootstrap.com/) * [Zurb Foundation](http://foundation.zurb.com/) Responsive Web Design _A technique where individual web pages automatically adjust to various screen sizes._ * [9 responsive design mistakes you don’t want to make](http://thenextweb.com/dd/2015/10/28/9-responsive-design-mistakes-you-dont-want-to-make/) * [Beginner's Guide to Responsive Web Design](http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/beginners-guide-to-responsive-web-design) * [Design Process In The Responsive Age](http://uxdesign.smashingmagazine.com/2012/05/30/design-process-responsive-age/) * [Responsive Strategy](http://bradfrost.com/blog/post/responsive-strategy/) * [Responsive Web Design](http://webdesign.tutsplus.com/articles/responsive-web-design--webdesign-15155) * [Responsive Web Design Patterns](https://bradfrost.github.io/this-is-responsive/patterns.html) * [The opportunities and challenges of responsive design](http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2012/11/the-opportunities-and-challenges-of-responsive-design/)
How to Conduct a Usability Inspection? Cognitive Walkthrough _A step-by-step evaluation of a system, from the viewpoint of a specific type of user._ * [Cognitive Walkthrough: bare bones - quickie example](http://web.engr.oregonstate.edu/%7Eburnett/CS589HCI/CognitiveWalkBareBones.html) * [The Streamlined Cognitive Walkthrough Method (PDF)](http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=332456&dl=ACM&coll=DL&CFID=665649760&CFTOKEN=32197100) * [Usability Inspection: Cognitive Walkthrough](http://www.usabilityhome.com/CognWalk.htm) Heuristic Evaluations _The evaluation of a user interface against a checklist of design rules or heuristics._ * [An Introduction To Heuristic Evaluation](http://usabilitygeek.com/heuristic-evaluation-introduction/) * [How to Conduct a Heuristic Evaluation](http://www.useit.com/papers/heuristic/heuristic_evaluation.html) * [How to run an heuristic evaluation](http://uxmastery.com/how-to-run-an-heuristic-evaluation/) * [Severity Ratings for Usability Problems](http://www.useit.com/papers/heuristic/severityrating.html) * [Applying ISO 9241-110 Dialogue Principles to Tablet Applications in Emergency Medical Services (PDF)](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3d51/ab6549bbbb61dbd40e2062e13b057c37cdf3.pdf) * [Ergonomics of human-system interaction -- Part 110: Dialogue principles](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=38009) * [Usability Expert Reviews: Beyond Heuristic Evaluation](http://www.userfocus.co.uk/articles/expertreviews.html)
How to Plan, Conduct, and Summarize Usability Tests? Usability Test Reports _How to write more effective usability test reports._ * [How to Deliver a Report Without Getting Lynched](http://www.asktog.com/columns/047HowToWriteAReport.html) * [Making Usability Findings Actionable: 5 Tips for Writing Better Reports](http://www.nngroup.com/articles/actionable-usability-findings/) * [Writing usability reports](http://infodesign.com.au/usabilityresources/writingusabilityreports/) Usability Test Surveys _Post-session usability test surveys which have been shown to be valid and reliable._ * [After-Scenario Questionnaire](http://hcibib.org/perlman/question.cgi?form=ASQ) * [If you could only ask one question, use this one (SEQ)](http://www.measuringusability.com/blog/single-question.php) * [Recent Advances with the System Usability Scale](https://measuringu.com/sus-advances/) * [System Usability Scale (SUS)](https://www.usability.gov/how-to-and-tools/methods/system-usability-scale.html) * [Two Simple Post-Test Questions](http://www.uie.com/brainsparks/2006/03/23/two-simple-post-test-questions/) * [When A Survey Is The Better Research Method](http://www.measuringu.com/blog/better-survey.php) Usability Test Tasks _Creating effective tasks for observational usability tests._ * [Seven Tips for Writing Usability Task Scenarios](http://www.measuringusability.com/blog/task-tips.php) * [Usability testing: how do we design effective tasks](http://design.canonical.com/2013/08/usability-testing-how-do-we-design-effective-tasks/) Usability Testing _An evaluation method where participants try to complete certain tasks using a specific system._ * [4 forgotten principles of usability testing](https://medium.freecodecamp.com/4-forgotten-principles-of-usability-testing-29751df38bc1#.cupe3xltl) * [10 Tips For Benchmark Usability Tests](http://www.measuringu.com/blog/benchmark-tips.com) * [20 Tips For Your Next Moderated Usability Test](http://www.measuringu.com/blog/20-usability-tips.php) * [Beginner's Guide to Moderating a Usability Study](http://www.ok-cancel.com/archives/article/2005/06/beginners-guide-to-moderating-a-usability-study.html) * [One page usability test plan (dashboard)](https://medium.com/@userfocus/the-1-page-usability-test-plan-dbc8c3d7fb54#.viosd3nte) * [Seven Common Usability Testing Mistakes](http://www.uie.com/articles/usability_testing_mistakes/) * [Success Rate: The Simplest Usability Metric (Jakob Nielsen's Alertbox)](http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20010218.html) * [Talking with Participants During a Usability Test](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/talking-to-users/) * [Usability Testing (Usability BoK)](http://www.usabilitybok.org/usability-testing) Informal (Guerilla) Usability Testing _A rapid and less rigorous approach to conducting usability testing._ * [7 Step Guide to Guerrilla Usability Testing: DIY Usability Testing Method](https://userbrain.net/blog/7-step-guide-guerrilla-usability-testing-diy-usability-testing-method) * [Quick and Dirty Remote User Testing](http://alistapart.com/article/quick-and-dirty-remote-user-testing) * [The Art of Guerilla Usability Testing](http://www.uxbooth.com/articles/the-art-of-guerilla-usability-testing/) * [The Pros and Cons of Guerrilla Research for Your UX Project](https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/the-pros-and-cons-of-guerrilla-research-for-your-ux-project) Remote Usability Testing _An evaluation method where remote participants try to complete certain tasks using a specific system._ * [Debunking the Myths of Online Usability Testing](http://johnnyholland.org/2010/04/09/debunking-the-myths-of-online-usability-testing/) * [Guide to Remote Usability Testing](http://www.ok-cancel.com/archives/article/2006/07/guide-to-remote-usability-testing.html) * [Remote Testing versus Lab Testing](http://boltpeters.com/blog/remote-testing-versus-lab-testing-2/)